Mar 11

Mortgage Loan Modification Programs

If you’re struggling to make your home loan payments you may be eligible for a loan modification. Here are some mortgage loan modification programs that are available today.

 

Homeowners having trouble making their mortgage payments may qualify for one of several government
mortgage loan modification programs. Even if you meet the criteria, the lender still decides whether to
modify your loan.

Hope for Homeowners

The Hope for Homeowners program provides homeowners with a new 30-year, fixed rate FHA-insured
mortgage. Homeowners refinance their current mortgage with the new loan. Participation in the program
is voluntary for both borrowers and lenders. Meaning you can apply for the program, but your lender can
turn down your application, even if you meet all the qualifications. The Hope for Homeowners program
ends on September 30, 2011.

There are certain factors you must be to be eligible for the program. The mortgage you wish to modify
must be on your primary residence and you’re not allowed to own any other properties. Your mortgage
must have originated before January 1, 2007 and you’ve made six full payments on the mortgage since
that time. Your current mortgage payments should be more than 31% of your gross income and you
cannot make payments with any help. Your net worth should be less than $1 million dollars, you have not
been convicted of fraud, and you haven’t intentionally defaulted on a mortgage or any other large debt
within the past five years.

Home Affordable Modification Program

The Home Affordable Modification Program (HAMP) is effective for mortgages that originated before
January 1, 2009. The program will be in effect until December 31, 2012. HAMP allows those
homeowners who are eligible to modify their loans so their monthly payments would be no more than
31% of their gross income. The FHA insures new refinance loans and only requires lenders to reduce the
loan balance to 93% of the balance vs. the 90% under the Hope for Homeowners program. The FHA
also pays the lender $1,000 for each loan they refinance through the program.

To be eligible for the program, homeowners have to show they’re experiencing financial hardship. They can
be in several stages of delinquency, including foreclosure or bankruptcy, and may even be current on their
payments. Current housing expenses must be more than 31% of the homeowner’s monthly gross income. HAMP is a voluntary program for lenders. If you’re interested, you must talk to your lender. If you don’t qualify for HAMP, lenders must consider you for the Hope for Homeowners program as well.

Second Lien Modification Program

If you have a second mortgage on a property for which
the primary mortgage was permanently modified through HAMP, then you may qualify for the Second
Lien Modification Program (2MP). Under the program, you may be able to have your second mortgage
modified or receive a principle reduction. Your HAMP modification payments can’t have become
delinquent for more than three months. Your second mortgage should be between $100 and $5,000.
Lenders choose whether to participate in the program and may have more strict eligibility requirements
than the ones listed above.

Principle Reduction Program

Through the Principle Reduction Program, your lender voluntarily agrees to reduce the principle on your
mortgage if the value is significantly less than the balance on the mortgage. Fannie Mae and Freddie
Mac mortgages don’t qualify for this program. You must currently live in the home that’s secured by the
mortgage and the mortgage must have originated before January 1, 2009. Your monthly mortgage
payment should be more than 31% of your gross income and your mortgage balance can be a maximum
of $729,750. You must be able to afford the modified payment. The program is in effect from October 1,
2010 until December 31, 2012.

Lenders may have their own modification programs. If you’re behind on your mortgage, talk to your
lender about what loan modification options are available for you.

Mar 11

Adjustable Rate Mortgage (ARM)

The adjustable rate mortgage (ARM) has become a popular home-financing choice. Depending on your
unique situation, an adjustable rate mortgage or a fixed rate mortgage might be the right solution for you.

 

Unless you have hundreds of thousands of dollars to spend, chances are you’ll have to take out a
mortgage to purchase a home.  As a cost for extending the mortgage to you, the bank will charge interest
based on an interest rate.  If your interest rate stays the same over the life of the loan, you have what’s
known as a fixed rate mortgage, FRM.  On the other hand, if your interest rate fluctuates during the life of
the loan you have an adjustable rate mortgage, ARM.

Pros and Cons

What attracts many homebuyers to adjustable rate mortgages is the low initial cost of the mortgage.
Most ARMs start off with a low interest rate that makes mortgage payments more affordable than a fixed
rate mortgage in the first few years of the mortgage.

To approve your mortgage application, the bank looks at a few of your financial facts, including your
credit history and income.  If you don’t have good credit, you might qualify for an adjustable rate
mortgage when you don’t qualify for a fixed mortgage.  For some homebuyers, an adjustable rate
mortgage is the only choice.

The downside of an adjustable rate mortgage is that payments fluctuate over time and typically increase.
While you know the timing of these increases, you can’t predict the amount of the increase.  If your
income doesn’t increase to compensate or you don’t reduce your budget in other areas, your mortgage
can easily become unaffordable.  This is drastically different from a fixed rate mortgage where your
payments will remain the same over the life of the loan.  You never have to question if and when your
payment is going to increase.

Types of ARMs

  •        A hybrid ARM is a cross between a fixed rate mortgage and an ARM.

The first few years of the mortgage has a fixed interest rate, followed by an adjustable rate for the remainder of the mortgage.

  •        An option ARM gives the borrower a choice of payment amounts

between interest-only payments or a minimum payment that’s below the interest-only payment.  The interest rate on an option ARM mortgage adjusts on a monthly basis and the payment on a yearly basis.

With an option ARM there is the risk of negative amortization.  This happens when monthly payments don’t cover the interest on the loan resulting in an increasing (rather than decreasing) mortgage balance.

  •        An interest-only ARM is one in which the borrower only makes interest payments on the mortgage.


Is an Adjustable Rate Mortgage Right For You?

Despite the drawbacks, there are situations where an adjustable rate mortgage is a smarter decision.  If you’re planning to resell your home within five to seven years, an adjustable rate mortgage might be a better option.

If you expect your income to increase over time, an adjustable rate mortgage could be a good decision. You’ll have the convenience of lower initial payments and the comfort of knowing you’ll be able to afford payments when
they increase.

You might consider choosing an ARM based on the initial lower mortgage interest rate.  You might only be able to afford the monthly payments on a lower interest rate mortgage.  Although the initial low payment might be attractive, there is the risk that interest rates will rise putting mortgage payments outside your budget. This type of situation recently occurred in the mortgage industry causing many homeowners to have their homes foreclosed.  Some experts believe the drastic increase in foreclosure rates has spiraled the economy into a recession.

If you consider an ARM, pay attention to any interest rate caps, also called charge limits.  These cap is a
maximum limit on the amount of interest you can be charged.  You can use this cap to decide if the
highest possible mortgage payment is within your budget or not.

Many borrowers take out an ARM with the assumption they will later be able to refinance and avoid the
rising mortgage payments.  Unfortunately, a lot of things can happen that prevent mortgage refinancing
from happening.  In this situation, the borrower is forced to continue paying the mortgage under the
current terms.

Depending on your needs, an ARM may or may not be right for you.  It is best to evaluate the terms of an
adjustable rate mortgage versus a fixed rate mortgage to make a decision.

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